FuturePast
04-01-07, 12:38 PM
From http://www.aspergersyndrome.com/html/professionals___educators.html
<h1 align="center"><font size="6" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorder (<b style="color:black;background-color:#a0ffff">ASD</b>)</b></font></h1><h1 align="center"><font size="6" face="Times New Roman"><b>and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD): A Comparison</b></font></h1> <br /><p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Sally <b style="color:black;background-color:#ffff66">Bloch-Rosen</b>, Ph.D.</b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Licensed Clinical Psychologist</b></font></p><p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Educational
Director</b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>William Beaumont Hospital Center for Human Development</b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>1695 West Twelve Mile Road, Suite 120</b></font></p><p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Berkley, MI 48072</b></font></p> <h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Difficulty
Adjusting to Changes & Making Transitions</b></font></h1></font><a name="table01"></a><div align="left"><table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td><td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Prefer sameness due to cognitive deficits which limit abilities to adapt spontaneously to change.</font></li>
</ul>
<br /></td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Prefer novelty, but have difficulty realigning behavior in changing circumstances.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Subjectively more apt to be described as anxiety-provoking.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Subjectively, more apt to be described as exciting.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New oman"><b>Inattention
& Distractibility</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table02"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Distracted by objects and movement of objects.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More apt to be distracted by the activities of other people.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Attend to atypical stimuli and, therefore, appear quite inattentive.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Attend to stuff that most kids would find compelling.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Prone to “tune out” due primarily to difficulties in mentally imposing organization on their environment.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">“Tune out” because of mental fatigue, have missed too many bits and pieces of information to make sense of the input, etc.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Repetitive/Annoying Behaviors</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table03"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often represent a self-stimulatory behavior and more often has an odd quality.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often represents a discharge of energy to permit greater mental focus.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Resistant to incentives and rewards.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More success using reinforcers.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Examples: head banging, hair pulling,</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Examples: foot tapping, pencil gnawing</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Responsiveness to Reinforcement</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table04"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More difficult to find out exactly WHAT they find reinforcing (may be somewhat unusual).</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More typically respond to reinforcers that “make sense” and are consistent with rewards that most other children desire.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often prefer to stick with the same reinforcer, and then after many trials, may suddenly find it no longer rewarding.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Need to change reinforcers frequently.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Response to Rules</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table05"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b> Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder </b></font>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">LOVE rules. Rules help them to bring order to what they perceive as a chaotic environment. </font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Not quite so fond of rules, may have difficulty conforming to rules due to impulsivity.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often the “little policemen” of the school, may be unnecessarily rigid or persnickity as to the details of a rule.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May stretch the rules as much as possible. </font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Language
and Communication</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table06"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Usually reflects preoccupation with area of special interest and is wanting in terms of meaning.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May go from one topic to another, but intent to communicate is clear and within normal limits.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Nonverbals like facial expression, often do not match inner feeling states.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Usually inner feeling states are apparent – may have trouble modulating or suppressing expression of emotion.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Pervasive probelms in pragmatics – using language to accomplish a practical goal.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Typically do not show a significant problem in pragmatics, may be skilled at “wearing down” adults using language.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Speech usually marked by unusual prosody and inflection.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Unusal speech patterns not associated with core diagnostic features.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<br /> <br /> <br />
<p align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Social Skills Deficits/ Difficulties In Establishing and/or Maintaining Peer Relationships</b></font> <br />
</p>
<a name="table07"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Social relatedness problems arise from difficulties dealing with novelty AND using nonverbals to regulate social interactions.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Social relations dirupted by problems with impulsivity, turn-taking, etc. which can disrupt the flow of social relationships.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Do not “get it.”</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Have a more solid grasp of nonverbal communication but may have <i>difficulties with response inhibition</i> which prevent competent execution of their knowledge.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Cognitive
Markers</b></font></h1><div align="left"><table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Poor grades in math due to difficulty grasping mathematics concepts, especially as concepts become more abstract.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Poor grades most commonly arise out of careless errors in computation.</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">No consistently observed difficulty in conceptual math for AD/HD.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Sloppy handwriting, motor planning deficits, never liked to color, fine motor deficits.</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Not much improvement with medication.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May or may not have motor planning/fine motor deficits. Handwriting sloppy often due to a tendency to rush through.</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often more of a significant improvement with psychostimulant treatment.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Difficulties with gross motor skills (sometiems with islands of competence) but often seen as clumsy or accident prone (due primarily to cognitive impairments.)</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May be accident prone because they assume a fast pace of activity, act without fully thinking through possible consequences. Gross motor immaturities may or may not be present.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Difficulties in sports because they are often viewed as meaningless activities.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Difficulties participating in sports may emerge due to problems sustaining atention (as in baseball) or due to response inhibition which reduces the capacity to work as a team.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="6" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorder (<b style="color:black;background-color:#a0ffff">ASD</b>)</b></font></h1><h1 align="center"><font size="6" face="Times New Roman"><b>and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD): A Comparison</b></font></h1> <br /><p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Sally <b style="color:black;background-color:#ffff66">Bloch-Rosen</b>, Ph.D.</b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Licensed Clinical Psychologist</b></font></p><p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Educational
Director</b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>William Beaumont Hospital Center for Human Development</b></font></p> <p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>1695 West Twelve Mile Road, Suite 120</b></font></p><p align="center"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><b>Berkley, MI 48072</b></font></p> <h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Difficulty
Adjusting to Changes & Making Transitions</b></font></h1></font><a name="table01"></a><div align="left"><table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td><td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Prefer sameness due to cognitive deficits which limit abilities to adapt spontaneously to change.</font></li>
</ul>
<br /></td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Prefer novelty, but have difficulty realigning behavior in changing circumstances.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Subjectively more apt to be described as anxiety-provoking.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Subjectively, more apt to be described as exciting.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New oman"><b>Inattention
& Distractibility</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table02"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Distracted by objects and movement of objects.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More apt to be distracted by the activities of other people.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Attend to atypical stimuli and, therefore, appear quite inattentive.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Attend to stuff that most kids would find compelling.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Prone to “tune out” due primarily to difficulties in mentally imposing organization on their environment.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">“Tune out” because of mental fatigue, have missed too many bits and pieces of information to make sense of the input, etc.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Repetitive/Annoying Behaviors</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table03"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often represent a self-stimulatory behavior and more often has an odd quality.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often represents a discharge of energy to permit greater mental focus.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Resistant to incentives and rewards.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More success using reinforcers.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Examples: head banging, hair pulling,</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Examples: foot tapping, pencil gnawing</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Responsiveness to Reinforcement</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table04"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More difficult to find out exactly WHAT they find reinforcing (may be somewhat unusual).</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">More typically respond to reinforcers that “make sense” and are consistent with rewards that most other children desire.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often prefer to stick with the same reinforcer, and then after many trials, may suddenly find it no longer rewarding.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Need to change reinforcers frequently.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Response to Rules</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table05"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b> Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder </b></font>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">LOVE rules. Rules help them to bring order to what they perceive as a chaotic environment. </font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Not quite so fond of rules, may have difficulty conforming to rules due to impulsivity.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often the “little policemen” of the school, may be unnecessarily rigid or persnickity as to the details of a rule.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May stretch the rules as much as possible. </font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Language
and Communication</b></font></h1>
<br /><a name="table06"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Usually reflects preoccupation with area of special interest and is wanting in terms of meaning.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May go from one topic to another, but intent to communicate is clear and within normal limits.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Nonverbals like facial expression, often do not match inner feeling states.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Usually inner feeling states are apparent – may have trouble modulating or suppressing expression of emotion.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Pervasive probelms in pragmatics – using language to accomplish a practical goal.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Typically do not show a significant problem in pragmatics, may be skilled at “wearing down” adults using language.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Speech usually marked by unusual prosody and inflection.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Unusal speech patterns not associated with core diagnostic features.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<br /> <br /> <br />
<p align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Social Skills Deficits/ Difficulties In Establishing and/or Maintaining Peer Relationships</b></font> <br />
</p>
<a name="table07"></a>
<div align="left">
<table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Social relatedness problems arise from difficulties dealing with novelty AND using nonverbals to regulate social interactions.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Social relations dirupted by problems with impulsivity, turn-taking, etc. which can disrupt the flow of social relationships.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Do not “get it.”</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Have a more solid grasp of nonverbal communication but may have <i>difficulties with response inhibition</i> which prevent competent execution of their knowledge.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>
<h1 align="center"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Cognitive
Markers</b></font></h1><div align="left"><table width="638" border="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top"><td width="50%"><h1><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Autistic Spectrum Disorders</b></font></h1></td>
<td width="50%"><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><b>Attention/Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder</b></font></td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Poor grades in math due to difficulty grasping mathematics concepts, especially as concepts become more abstract.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Poor grades most commonly arise out of careless errors in computation.</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">No consistently observed difficulty in conceptual math for AD/HD.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Sloppy handwriting, motor planning deficits, never liked to color, fine motor deficits.</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Not much improvement with medication.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May or may not have motor planning/fine motor deficits. Handwriting sloppy often due to a tendency to rush through.</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Often more of a significant improvement with psychostimulant treatment.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Difficulties with gross motor skills (sometiems with islands of competence) but often seen as clumsy or accident prone (due primarily to cognitive impairments.)</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">May be accident prone because they assume a fast pace of activity, act without fully thinking through possible consequences. Gross motor immaturities may or may not be present.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top"><td height="98"><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Difficulties in sports because they are often viewed as meaningless activities.</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td><ul type="DISC">
<li><font size="3" face="Arial">Difficulties participating in sports may emerge due to problems sustaining atention (as in baseball) or due to response inhibition which reduces the capacity to work as a team.</font></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
</table>
</div>